英语连词是什么? 英语连词是什么意思
英语连词的定义与分类
英语连词(Conjunction)是一种虚词,用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子,本身不能独立充当句子成分。根据其功能和结构,连词可分为下面内容两大类:
一、并列连词(Coordinating Conjunctions)
并列连词连接语法地位平等的成分(单词、短语或分句),常见类型包括:
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基础并列连词
- and(和):连接同类词或动作的顺承。
例句:She plays the pianoand the guitar.(连接两个名词) - but(然而):表示转折。
例句:He is young,but very experienced. - or(或者):提供选择或假设结局。
例句:You can choose teaor coffee.
- and(和):连接同类词或动作的顺承。
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关联并列连词(Correlative Conjunctions)
需成对使用,常见组合:- both…and…(既…又…):强调两者兼具。
例句:She isboth intelligentand hardworking. - either…or…(要么…要么…):二选一。
例句:Either youor I must go. - not only…but also…(不仅…而且…):侧重后者。
例句:Henot only singsbut also dances.
- both…and…(既…又…):强调两者兼具。
独特制度:
- 关联连词需保持语法对称。例如,若前半句用动词不定式,后半句也应保持一致:
错误:He started to danceand sang.
正确:He started to danceand sing.
二、从属连词(Subordinating Conjunctions)
从属连词引导从句(状语从句或名词性从句),形成主从复合句,常见类型包括:
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引导状语从句
- 时刻状语从句:when, while, as, before, after, since, until
例句:When he arrived, the meeting had started. - 条件状语从句:if, unless, as long as
例句:I will goif it doesn’t rain. - 缘故状语从句:because, since, as
例句:He failedbecause he didn’t study. - 让步状语从句:although, even if, though
例句:Although he is tired, he keeps working.
- 时刻状语从句:when, while, as, before, after, since, until
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引导名词性从句
- that(无实义):引导主语从句、宾语从句等。
例句:I knowthat he is right. - whether/if(是否):引导疑问性从句。
例句:She askedif I could help.
- that(无实义):引导主语从句、宾语从句等。
独特制度:
- although与but不可连用:
错误:Although he is fat,but he is weak.
正确:Although he is fat, he is weak.
三、常见错误与纠正
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搭配错误
- 错误:This book isboth usefulas well as cheap.
- 正确:This book isboth usefuland cheap.
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位置错误
- 错误:Henot only speaks Englishbut also French.
- 正确:He speaksnot only Englishbut also French.
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语法不一致
- 错误:Neither henor Iare right.
- 正确:Neither henor Iam right.(谓语动词与最近的主语一致)
四、拓展资料
英语连词通过逻辑关系构建句子结构,需注意下面内容规则:
- 并列连词强调对等,从属连词体现主从关系;
- 关联连词需保持语法对称;
- 避免重复使用转折或因果连词(如although与but)。
更多用法可参考沪江英语或《中考语法》专项练习